face="Times New Roman Star"1 elder brother; elder uncle; father; grandfather 2 respectful address 3 elder
face="Times New Roman Star"1 старший брат; старший дядя; отец; дедушка 2 почтительное обращение 3 старший
face="Times New Roman Star"aqa 1 (OUygh., from I-t half of XIII century, see ДТС)
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"aqa 1 (Oghuz-nama), ag|a 1 (Abush.), aqa (Pav. C.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"o|g|a 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1
face="Times New Roman Star"aqa 1,2, qyz ag|a 'тесть' (ЯЖУ 11, 13)
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 2
face="Times New Roman Star"a:Ga 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1 ('father's father')
face="Times New Roman Star"aqqa 'father's father'
face="Times New Roman Star"aqa 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1 ('father'), 3
face="Times New Roman Star"aga 'father'
face="Times New Roman Star"aqy 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|aj 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"aqa 2 (K), ag|a 2, 3 (K, T)
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ag|a 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 13, ЭСТЯ 1, 70-71, 121-122, Лексика 291, Stachowski 28. Note the expressive gemination of the medial -k- in Tuva and elsewhere.
face="Times New Roman Star"o"tu"ka"n `name of a mountain ridge in Tuva' (ФиЛ 215)
face="Times New Roman Star"o"tu"ka"n `ровное широкое место на белках, удобное для пастьбы оленей' (ФиЛ 215)
face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 85; ДТС 393; Stachowski 201. Chuv. va- points only to PT *o":-. Turk. > Bur. u"tu"gen `shaman word for earth' > Yak. u"tu"gen 'неизвестная даль; преисподняя' (Пек. III 3195).
face="Times New Roman Star"1 old man or woman 2 mother 3 grandmother 4 sister (of woman) 5 mother (if the grandmother is still alive) 5 mother (addr. to an elder woman) 6 aunt, sister of father 7 elder brother 8 uncle 9 ancestor 10 Father! (to the God) 11 old man, elder man 12 husband 13 younger brother of father's father 14 grandfather 15 father
face="Times New Roman Star"1 старый мужчина или женщина 2 мать 3 бабушка 4 сестра (женщины) 5 мать (при живой бабушке) 5 мать (обр. к пожилой женщине) 6 тетя, сестра отца 7 старший брат 8 дядя 9 предок 10 Отче! (обр. к Богу) 11 старик, пожилой человек 12 муж 13 младший брат деда 14 дед 15 отец
face="Times New Roman Star"ec?i 7, 8 (Orkh.), ec?u" 9 (Orkh., OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ec?i 1 (MK), ec?u" 10 (KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"az?|u (dial.), ez?|e 11
face="Times New Roman Star"az?|a, az?|i, e|z?|i 5 (dial., ТТДС 22, 551), azyj, e|zi 11, 15 (dial., ТТДС 23, 540)
face="Times New Roman Star"o|c?a, ac?a 2, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ac?a 6
face="Times New Roman Star"ac?y 4, ac?a 12, 15
face="Times New Roman Star"az?|a 7, 8
face="Times New Roman Star"ac?a 7, 8
face="Times New Roman Star"Leb. az?|y, az?|a 7, ac?a 13
face="Times New Roman Star"az/a 15
face="Times New Roman Star"ehe 14
face="Times New Roman Star"ehe 14
face="Times New Roman Star"ac?a 15
face="Times New Roman Star"as?'a, az?|a 7, 15
face="Times New Roman Star"ac?aj 5, az?|a 11
face="Times New Roman Star"a"sa" 2
face="Times New Roman Star"az?|aj 5, ec?iw 6
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 35, ЭСТЯ 1, 231-235, TMN 2, 15, Егоров 35, Лексика 299, Clark 1977, 128, Stachowski 43. Shortness is suggested by pharyngealization in Tofalar, so the variants with -z?|- are probably due to expressive gemination (*ac?c?V / *ec?c?V).
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to cost, to be worth 2 price 3 to change, exchange 4 allotment, portion 5 worth 6 change, exchange
face="Times New Roman Star"1 стоить, быть достойным 2 цена 3 изменять(ся), обмениваться 4 доля (причитающееся) 5 достойный, положенный 6 перемена, обмен
face="Times New Roman Star"teg-im 1, teg-im-lig 5, teg-ir 4 (OUygh.), teg-s?-il-, teg-s?-u"r- 3 (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"teg- 1 (MK - ДТС), teg-ir 4 (MK), teg-is? 5 (KB), 'given in exchange' (MK), teg-s?-u"t 'exchange price' (MK), teg-s?-u"r-u"l- 3 (KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"deg|- 1, dejer 2, deg|-im (dial.) 2, dejis? 6, dejis?- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"(Xwar.) deg- 1, (OKypch.) deg-ir 2, teg-is? 2 (Sangl.), teg-is?- 3 (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"tegis?- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"da"ja"r 2, da"jis?- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"deg- 1, degis?- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tiv@s/ 'debt'
face="Times New Roman Star"di:s? 6, di:s?- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tij- 1, degis?- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"tij- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 482, 485, 487, 488, ЭСТЯ 3, 181-182, 179-180, Лексика 338. Usually regarded as a development of *de.g- 'to touch, reach', which is somewhat dubious semantically; external parallels also seem to indicate that the two roots are originally distinct.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 side, direction 2 to be directed towards, head towards 3 reason, method, cause 4 regular, easy 5 cheap 6 origin
face="Times New Roman Star"1 сторона, направление 2 направляться, поворачиваться 3 причина, способ, отношение 4 простой, правильный 5 дешевый 6 происхождение
face="Times New Roman Star"enc?ik- 'to lose feelings' (MK, KB), enegu" 4 (MK), enit- (AH) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"intek- 1, enz?|e-le- 5
face="Times New Roman Star"entu"k- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"entik- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|ik 6
face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"enc?i 6, enc?ik 7
face="Times New Roman Star"i.nz?|i- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"andъx- 1, 7, anzux 'dumb, sclerotic person'
face="Times New Roman Star"enn'e-lik 8, enc?i 9
face="Times New Roman Star"ente-le- 2, entik- 'to suffer from dyspnoea', eno": 10
face="Times New Roman Star"enew 4
face="Times New Roman Star"intek- 1, inte- 11
face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"enz?|ek 'newborn'
face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|yt-, inc?it- 11 (T)
face="Times New Roman Star"inz?|i- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 174, 184, ЭСТЯ 1, 283, Егоров 29. Doerfer (Khal.) suggests Arabic origin, which is quite improbable. Vowel length is suggested by the voiced -z?|- of the suffix in several languages.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to suffer, grieve 2 to regret 3 to envy 4 to be angry 5 to offend 6 grief, sorrow
face="Times New Roman Star"1 страдать, горевать 2 жалеть 3 завидовать 4 гневаться 5 обижать 6 печаль
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j- ? ko"j-: ko"n|li ku"ju"p 'with pain in one's heart' (MK), ku"j- 4 (KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"ju"-, ko"jen- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"kuj-, kujin- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j-, ko"ju"n- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"go"jna"- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-du"r- 5, ku"ju"n- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"(jirek) kie_n- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"k@w|v@s/- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"ju"n- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"jin- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"ju"n- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"j- 1, ko"jo"no"s 6
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"ju"n- 1, ku"ju"k 'envious'
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"j-, ku"jin- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"gu"j- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 726. In all languages the root is completely homonymous with the reflexes of *ko"n/- 'to burn' (v. sub *k`u\n/e), which throws doubts on its etymological independence.